></H2
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="PURPOSE16"
>Purpose</A
></H3
><P
>Utilities used for system administration (and other root-only
commands) are stored in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/sbin</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/sbin</TT
>, and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/sbin</TT
>. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/sbin</TT
>
contains binaries essential for booting, restoring, recovering, and/or
repairing the system in addition to the binaries in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/bin</TT
>.
<A
NAME="AEN1051"
HREF="#FTN.AEN1051"
><SPAN
CLASS="footnote"
>[18]</SPAN
></A
> Programs executed after
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr</TT
> is known to be mounted (when there are no
problems) are generally placed into <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/sbin</TT
>.
Locally-installed system administration programs should be placed into
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/local/sbin</TT
>.
<A
NAME="AEN1058"
HREF="#FTN.AEN1058"
><SPAN
CLASS="footnote"
>[19]</SPAN
></A
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><HR><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="REQUIREMENTS8"
>Requirements</A
></H3
><P
>The following commands, or symbolic links to commands, are
required in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/sbin</TT
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="INFORMALTABLE"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN1077"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
FRAME="void"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL><COL><THEAD
><TR
><TH
>Command</TH
><TH
>Description</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
><B
CLASS="COMMAND"
>shutdown</B
></TD
><TD
>Command to bring the system down.</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><HR><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="SPECIFICOPTIONS8"
>Specific Options</A
></H3
><P
>The following files, or symbolic links to files, must be in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/sbin</TT
> if the corresponding subsystem is
installed:</P
><DIV
CLASS="INFORMALTABLE"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN1092"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
FRAME="void"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL
WIDTH="1*"
TITLE="C1"><COL
WIDTH="1*"
TITLE="C2"><THEAD
><TR
><TH
>Command</TH
><TH
>Description</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>fastboot</TT
></TD
><TD
>Reboot the system without checking the disks (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>fasthalt</TT
></TD
><TD
>Stop the system without checking the disks (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>fdisk</TT
></TD
><TD
>Partition table manipulator (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>fsck</TT
></TD
><TD
>File system check and repair utility (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>fsck.*</TT
></TD
><TD
>File system check and repair utility for a specific filesystem (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>getty</TT
></TD
><TD
>The getty program (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>halt</TT
></TD
><TD
>Command to stop the system (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>ifconfig</TT
></TD
><TD
>Configure a network interface (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>init</TT
></TD
><TD
>Initial process (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>mkfs</TT
></TD
><TD
>Command to build a filesystem (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>mkfs.*</TT
></TD
><TD
>Command to build a specific filesystem (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>mkswap</TT
></TD
><TD
>Command to set up a swap area (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>reboot</TT
></TD
><TD
>Command to reboot the system (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>route</TT
></TD
><TD
>IP routing table utility (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>swapon</TT
></TD
><TD
>Enable paging and swapping (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>swapoff</TT
></TD
><TD
>Disable paging and swapping (optional)</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>update</TT
></TD
><TD
>Daemon to periodically flush filesystem buffers (optional)</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><HR><H2
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="SRVDATAFORSERVICESPROVIDEDBYSYSTEM"
>/srv : Data for services provided by this system</A
></H2
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"
><H3
CLASS="SECTION"
><A
NAME="PURPOSE16A"
>Purpose</A
></H3
><P
><TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> contains site-specific data which is
served by this system.
<DIV
CLASS="TIP"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="TIP"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="tip.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Tip"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Rationale</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>This main purpose of specifying this is so that users may find the
location of the data files for particular service, and so that
services which require a single tree for readonly data, writable data
and scripts (such as cgi scripts) can be reasonably placed. Data that
is only of interest to a specific user should go in that users' home
directory.</P
><P
>The methodology used to name subdirectories of
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> is unspecified as there is currently no
consensus on how this should be done. One method for structuring data
under <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> is by protocol,
eg. <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>ftp</TT
>, <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>rsync</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>www</TT
>, and <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>cvs</TT
>. On large
systems it can be useful to structure <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> by
administrative context, such as <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv/physics/www</TT
>,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv/compsci/cvs</TT
>, etc. This setup will differ
from host to host. Therefore, no program should rely on a specific
subdirectory structure of <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> existing or data
necessarily being stored in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
>. However
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/srv</TT
> should always exist on FHS compliant systems
and should be used as the default location for such data.</P
><P
>Distributions must take care not to remove locally placed files in
these directories without administrator permission.
<A
NAME="AEN1192"
HREF="#FTN.AEN1192"
><SPAN
CLASS="footnote"
>[20]</SPAN
></A
></P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
> </P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECTION"